535 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
535 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
<h1><center>日志分析集群-8版本</center></h1>
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作者：行癫（盗版必究）
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------
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## 一：环境准备
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#### 1.简介
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部署模式：es集群采用无主模式
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es版本：8.13.4
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jdk版本：使用es内嵌的jdk21，无需额外安装jdk环境
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操作系统：Centos 7
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#### 2.环境
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| IP地址 | 主机名 | 角色 |
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| :--------: | :---------------: | :-------------: |
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| 10.9.12.83 | es-1.xingdian.com | master&data节点 |
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| 10.9.12.84 | es-2.xingdian.com | master&data节点 |
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| 10.9.12.85 | es-3.xingdian.com | master&data节点 |
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## 二：服务器配置
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#### 1.创建用户
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es不能使用root用户进行部署，故创建新用户管理es集群
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```shell
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# 添加一个用户 elasticsearch ，密码 elasticsearch
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[root@es-1 ~]# useradd elasticsearch && echo elasticsearch|passwd --stdin elasticsearch
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```
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#### 2.本地解析
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```shell
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[root@es-1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
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10.9.12.83 es-1.xingdian.com
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10.9.12.84 es-2.xingdian.com
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10.9.12.85 es-3.xingdian.com
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```
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#### 3.系统优化
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优化最大进程数，最大文件打开数，优化虚拟内存
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```shell
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[root@es-1 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
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* soft nofile 65536
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* hard nofile 131072
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* soft nproc 4096
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* hard nproc 6553
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[root@es-1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
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vm.max_map_count=262144
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[root@es-1 ~]# sysctl -p
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```
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## 三：集群部署
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#### 1.获取安装包
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官网获取
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#### 2.解压安装
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```shell
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[root@es-1 ~]# tar -xf elasticsearch-8.13.4-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
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[root@es-1 ~]# mv /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.13.4 /usr/local/es
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[root@es-1 ~]# chown -R elasticsearch.elasticsearch /usr/local/es
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```
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#### 3.配置环境变量
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```shell
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[root@es-1 ~]# vim /etc/profile
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export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/es/jdk
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export ES_HOME=/usr/local/es
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export PATH=$PATH:$ES_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
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# 刷新环境变量
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[root@es-1 ~]# source /etc/profile
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```
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#### 4.创建目录
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目录用来存储数据和存放证书并赋予权限
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```shell
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[root@es-1 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/es/data
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[root@es-1 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/es/config/certs
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[root@es-1 ~]# chown -R elasticsearch:elasticsearch /usr/local/es
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```
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**注意：截至到目前为止，所有节点服务器的操作都是一致的**
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#### 5.签发证书
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```shell
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# 在第一台服务器节点 es-1.xingdian.com 设置集群多节点通信密钥
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# 切换用户
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[root@es-1 ~]# su - elasticsearch
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[elasticsearch@es-1 ~]$ cd /usr/local/es/bin
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[elasticsearch@es-1 bin]$./elasticsearch-certutil ca
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warning: ignoring JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/es/jdk; using bundled JDK
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This tool assists you in the generation of X.509 certificates and certificate
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signing requests for use with SSL/TLS in the Elastic stack.
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The 'ca' mode generates a new 'certificate authority'
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This will create a new X.509 certificate and private key that can be used
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to sign certificate when running in 'cert' mode.
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Use the 'ca-dn' option if you wish to configure the 'distinguished name'
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of the certificate authority
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By default the 'ca' mode produces a single PKCS#12 output file which holds:
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* The CA certificate
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* The CAs private key
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If you elect to generate PEM format certificates (the -pem option), then the output will
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be a zip file containing individual files for the CA certificate and private key
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Please enter the desired output file [elastic-stack-ca.p12]: # 回车即可
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Enter password for elastic-stack-ca.p12 : # 回车即可
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# 用 ca 证书签发节点证书，过程中需按三次回车键,生成目录：es的home:/usr/local/es/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 bin]$ ./elasticsearch-certutil cert --ca elastic-stack-ca.p12
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If you specify any of the following options:
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* -pem (PEM formatted output)
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* -multiple (generate multiple certificates)
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* -in (generate certificates from an input file)
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then the output will be be a zip file containing individual certificate/key files
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Enter password for CA (elastic-stack-ca.p12) : # 回车即可
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Please enter the desired output file [elastic-certificates.p12]: # 回车即可
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Enter password for elastic-certificates.p12 : # 回车即可
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Certificates written to /usr/local/es/elastic-certificates.p12
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This file should be properly secured as it contains the private key for
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your instance.
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This file is a self contained file and can be copied and used 'as is'
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For each Elastic product that you wish to configure, you should copy
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this '.p12' file to the relevant configuration directory
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and then follow the SSL configuration instructions in the product guide.
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For client applications, you may only need to copy the CA certificate and
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configure the client to trust this certificate.
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# 将生成的证书文件移动到 config/certs 目录中
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[elasticsearch@es-1 bin]$ cd /usr/local/es/
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[elasticsearch@okd elasticsearch-8.11.0]$ ls -l | grep "elastic-"
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-rw------- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 3596 Feb 10 16:05 elastic-certificates.p12
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-rw------- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 2672 Feb 10 16:03 elastic-stack-ca.p12
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ mv elastic-certificates.p12 config/certs/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ mv elastic-stack-ca.p12 config/certs/
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```
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#### 6.设置集群多节点HTTP证书
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```shell
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# 签发 Https 证书
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ cd /usr/local/es/bin/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 bin]$ ./elasticsearch-certutil http
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warning: ignoring JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/es/jdk; using bundled JDK
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## Elasticsearch HTTP Certificate Utility
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The 'http' command guides you through the process of generating certificates
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for use on the HTTP (Rest) interface for Elasticsearch.
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This tool will ask you a number of questions in order to generate the right
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set of files for your needs.
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## Do you wish to generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)?
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A CSR is used when you want your certificate to be created by an existing
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Certificate Authority (CA) that you do not control (that is, you do not have
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access to the keys for that CA).
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If you are in a corporate environment with a central security team, then you
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may have an existing Corporate CA that can generate your certificate for you.
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Infrastructure within your organisation may already be configured to trust this
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CA, so it may be easier for clients to connect to Elasticsearch if you use a
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CSR and send that request to the team that controls your CA.
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If you choose not to generate a CSR, this tool will generate a new certificate
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for you. That certificate will be signed by a CA under your control. This is a
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quick and easy way to secure your cluster with TLS, but you will need to
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configure all your clients to trust that custom CA.
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######################################################
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# 是否生成CSR，选择 N ，不需要 #
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######################################################
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Generate a CSR? [y/N]N
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## Do you have an existing Certificate Authority (CA) key-pair that you wish to use to sign your certificate?
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If you have an existing CA certificate and key, then you can use that CA to
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sign your new http certificate. This allows you to use the same CA across
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multiple Elasticsearch clusters which can make it easier to configure clients,
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and may be easier for you to manage.
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If you do not have an existing CA, one will be generated for you.
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######################################################
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# 是否使用已经存在的CA证书，选择 y ，因为已经创建签发好了CA #
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######################################################
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Use an existing CA? [y/N]y
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## What is the path to your CA?
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Please enter the full pathname to the Certificate Authority that you wish to
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use for signing your new http certificate. This can be in PKCS#12 (.p12), JKS
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(.jks) or PEM (.crt, .key, .pem) format.
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######################################################
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# 指定CA证书的路径地址，CA Path:后写绝对路径 #
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######################################################
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CA Path: /usr/local/es/config/certs/elastic-stack-ca.p12
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Reading a PKCS12 keystore requires a password.
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It is possible for the keystore's password to be blank,
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in which case you can simply press <ENTER> at the prompt
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######################################################
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# 设置密钥库的密码，直接 回车 即可 #
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######################################################
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Password for elastic-stack-ca.p12:
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## How long should your certificates be valid?
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Every certificate has an expiry date. When the expiry date is reached clients
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will stop trusting your certificate and TLS connections will fail.
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Best practice suggests that you should either:
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(a) set this to a short duration (90 - 120 days) and have automatic processes
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to generate a new certificate before the old one expires, or
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(b) set it to a longer duration (3 - 5 years) and then perform a manual update
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a few months before it expires.
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You may enter the validity period in years (e.g. 3Y), months (e.g. 18M), or days (e.g. 90D)
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######################################################
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# 设置证书的失效时间，这里的y表示年，5y则代表失效时间5年 #
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######################################################
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For how long should your certificate be valid? [5y] 5y
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## Do you wish to generate one certificate per node?
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If you have multiple nodes in your cluster, then you may choose to generate a
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separate certificate for each of these nodes. Each certificate will have its
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own private key, and will be issued for a specific hostname or IP address.
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Alternatively, you may wish to generate a single certificate that is valid
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across all the hostnames or addresses in your cluster.
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If all of your nodes will be accessed through a single domain
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(e.g. node01.es.example.com, node02.es.example.com, etc) then you may find it
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simpler to generate one certificate with a wildcard hostname (*.es.example.com)
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and use that across all of your nodes.
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However, if you do not have a common domain name, and you expect to add
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additional nodes to your cluster in the future, then you should generate a
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certificate per node so that you can more easily generate new certificates when
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you provision new nodes.
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######################################################
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# 是否需要为每个节点都生成证书，选择 N 无需每个节点都配置证书 #
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######################################################
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Generate a certificate per node? [y/N]N
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## Which hostnames will be used to connect to your nodes?
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These hostnames will be added as "DNS" names in the "Subject Alternative Name"
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(SAN) field in your certificate.
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You should list every hostname and variant that people will use to connect to
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your cluster over http.
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Do not list IP addresses here, you will be asked to enter them later.
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If you wish to use a wildcard certificate (for example *.es.example.com) you
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can enter that here.
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Enter all the hostnames that you need, one per line.
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######################################################
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# 输入需连接集群节点主机名信息，一行输入一个IP地址，空行回车结束 #
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######################################################
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When you are done, press <ENTER> once more to move on to the next step.
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es-1.xingdian.com
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es-2.xingdian.com
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es-3.xingdian.com
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You entered the following hostnames.
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- es-1.xingdian.com
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- es-2.xingdian.com
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- es-3.xingdian.com
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####################################################
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# 确认以上是否为正确的配置，输入 Y 表示信息正确 #
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####################################################
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Is this correct [Y/n]Y
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## Which IP addresses will be used to connect to your nodes?
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If your clients will ever connect to your nodes by numeric IP address, then you
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can list these as valid IP "Subject Alternative Name" (SAN) fields in your
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certificate.
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If you do not have fixed IP addresses, or not wish to support direct IP access
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to your cluster then you can just press <ENTER> to skip this step.
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Enter all the IP addresses that you need, one per line.
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####################################################
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# 输入需连接集群节点IP信息，一行输入一个IP地址，空行回车结束 #
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####################################################
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When you are done, press <ENTER> once more to move on to the next step.
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10.9.12.83
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10.9.12.84
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10.9.12.85
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You entered the following IP addresses.
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- 10.9.12.83
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- 10.9.12.84
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- 10.9.12.85
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####################################################
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# 确认以上是否为正确的配置，输入 Y 表示信息正确 #
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####################################################
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Is this correct [Y/n]Y
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## Other certificate options
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The generated certificate will have the following additional configuration
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values. These values have been selected based on a combination of the
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information you have provided above and secure defaults. You should not need to
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change these values unless you have specific requirements.
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Key Name: es-1.xingdian.com
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Subject DN: CN=es-1.xingdian.com
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Key Size: 2048
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####################################################
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# 是否要更改以上这些选项，选择 N ，不更改证书选项配置 #
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####################################################
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Do you wish to change any of these options? [y/N]N
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## What password do you want for your private key(s)?
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Your private key(s) will be stored in a PKCS#12 keystore file named "http.p12".
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This type of keystore is always password protected, but it is possible to use a
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blank password.
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####################################################
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# 是否要给证书加密，不需要加密，两次 回车 即可 #
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####################################################
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If you wish to use a blank password, simply press <enter> at the prompt below.
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Provide a password for the "http.p12" file: [<ENTER> for none]
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## Where should we save the generated files?
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A number of files will be generated including your private key(s),
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public certificate(s), and sample configuration options for Elastic Stack products.
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These files will be included in a single zip archive.
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What filename should be used for the output zip file? [/usr/local/es/elasticsearch-ssl-http.zip]
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Zip file written to /usr/local/es/elasticsearch-ssl-http.zip
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```
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#### 7.分发证书
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```shell
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# 解压
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[elasticsearch@es-1 bin]$ cd /usr/local/es/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ unzip elasticsearch-ssl-http.zip
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# 移动证书
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ mv ./elasticsearch/http.p12 config/certs/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ mv ./kibana/elasticsearch-ca.pem config/certs/
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# 将证书分发到其他节点02 03
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[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ cd /usr/local/es/config/certs
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[elasticsearch@es-1 certs]$ ll
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total 16
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-rw------- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 3596 Feb 10 16:05 elastic-certificates.p12
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 1200 Feb 10 16:13 elasticsearch-ca.pem
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-rw------- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 2672 Feb 10 16:03 elastic-stack-ca.p12
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 3652 Feb 10 16:13 http.p12
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[elasticsearch@es-1 certs]$ scp * es-2.xingdian.com:/usr/local/es/config/certs/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 certs]$ scp * es-3.xingdian.com:/usr/local/es/config/certs/
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```
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#### 8.修改配置
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```yaml
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[elasticsearch@es-1 certs]$ cd /usr/local/es/config/
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[elasticsearch@es-1 config]$ vim elasticsearch.yml
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cluster.name: xingdian-es
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node.name: es-1.xingdian.com
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path.data: /usr/local/es/data
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path.logs: /usr/local/es/logs
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network.host: 0.0.0.0
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http.port: 9200
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# 种子主机，在选举时用于发现其他主机的，最好配置多个
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discovery.seed_hosts: ["es-1.xingdian.com","es-2.xingdian.com","es-3.xingdian.com"]
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cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-1.xingdian.com","es-2.xingdian.com","es-3.xingdian.com"]
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xpack.security.enabled: true
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xpack.security.enrollment.enabled: true
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xpack.security.http.ssl:
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enabled: true
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keystore.path: /usr/local/es/config/certs/http.p12
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keystore.password: 123456 #如果生成证书时设置了密码则要添加密码配置
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truststore.path: /usr/local/es/config/certs/http.p12
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truststore.password: 123456 #如果生成证书时设置了密码则要添加密码配置
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xpack.security.transport.ssl:
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enabled: true
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verification_mode: certificate
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keystore.path: /usr/local/es/config/certs/elastic-certificates.p12
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keystore.password: 123456 #如果生成证书时设置了密码则要添加密码配置
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truststore.path: /usr/local/es/config/certs/elastic-certificates.p12
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truststore.password: 123456 #如果生成证书时设置了密码则要添加密码配置
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http.host: [_local_, _site_]
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ingest.geoip.downloader.enabled: false
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xpack.security.http.ssl.client_authentication: none
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```
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注意：
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1.xpack.security.http.ssl和xpack.security.transport.ssl后的子配置需要空一格，遵循yml的格式要求
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2.如果不需要后续的http证书认证或者用户密码认证可以将以下参数的值改为false
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```yaml
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xpack.security.http.ssl:
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enabled: false
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xpack.security.transport.ssl:
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enabled: false
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```
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3.如果后续在业务场景中遇到了跨域的问题，解决跨域的问题添加以下参数
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```yaml
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http.cors.enabled: true
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http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
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```
|
||
|
||
#### 9.参数解释
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
cluster.name: xingdian-es
|
||
含义: 指定Elasticsearch集群的名称。在此例中，集群名为xingdian-es，所有想要加入此集群的节点都应配置相同的集群名称。
|
||
node.name: es-1.xingdian.com
|
||
含义: 设置单个节点的名称。这里将节点命名为es-1.xingdian.com，有助于标识和管理集群中的不同节点。
|
||
path.data: /usr/local/es/data
|
||
含义: 指定Elasticsearch存储数据的路径。数据文件将保存在/usr/local/es/data目录下。
|
||
path.logs: /usr/local/es/logs
|
||
含义: 配置日志文件的存放路径，即日志将会被写入到/usr/local/es/logs目录中。
|
||
network.host: 0.0.0.0
|
||
含义: 设置监听所有可用网络接口的IP地址，允许Elasticsearch从任何网络接口接收连接请求。
|
||
http.port: 9200
|
||
含义: 指定HTTP服务监听的端口号，这里是9200，是Elasticsearch默认的HTTP访问端口。
|
||
discovery.seed_hosts: ["es-1.xingdian.com","es-2.xingdian.com","es-3.xingdian.com"]
|
||
含义: 列出初始种子节点的地址，用于集群启动时发现其他节点。这有助于新节点加入或现有节点重启后找到集群。
|
||
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-1.xingdian.com","es-2.xingdian.com","es-3.xingdian.com"]
|
||
含义: 在初次启动或集群完全重启后，指定哪些节点可以成为初始主节点，用于选举过程。
|
||
xpack.security.enabled: true
|
||
含义: 启用X-Pack安全特性，提供认证、授权、加密传输等功能，增强Elasticsearch的安全性。
|
||
xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled: true
|
||
含义: 开启HTTP通信的SSL加密，确保客户端与Elasticsearch之间的数据传输安全。
|
||
keystore.path, truststore.path, keystore.password, truststore.password
|
||
含义: 分别指定了SSL证书的存放路径和密钥库、信任库的密码。这些设置用于保护SSL连接的密钥和信任信息。
|
||
http.host: [local, site]
|
||
含义: 指定HTTP服务可以绑定的主机名，_local_表示绑定本地主机，_site_允许绑定所有公开站点地址。
|
||
ingest.geoip.downloader.enabled: false
|
||
含义: 禁用了GeoIP数据库的自动下载功能。GeoIP用于地理定位，禁用后需要手动管理数据库更新。
|
||
xpack.security.http.ssl.client_authentication: none
|
||
含义: 设置客户端认证方式为“无”，意味着HTTP客户端连接到Elasticsearch时不需要提供证书进行认证。
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 10.JVM参数调整
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
[elasticsearch@es-1 config]$ vim jvm.options
|
||
-Xms2g
|
||
-Xmx2g
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
注意：该值为真实内存的1/2
|
||
|
||
#### 11.启动集群
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
[elasticsearch@es-1 es]$ nohup /usr/local/es/bin/elasticsearch &
|
||
[elasticsearch@es-2 es]$ nohup /usr/local/es/bin/elasticsearch &
|
||
[elasticsearch@es-3 es]$ nohup /usr/local/es/bin/elasticsearch &
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 12.设置登录密码
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
# 手工指定elastic的新密码 (-i参数)
|
||
[elasticsearch@okd ~]$ /usr/local/es/bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic -i
|
||
warning: ignoring JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/es/jdk; using bundled JDK
|
||
bThis tool will reset the password of the [elastic] user.
|
||
You will be prompted to enter the password.
|
||
Please confirm that you would like to continue [y/N]y
|
||
Did not understand answer 'by'
|
||
Please confirm that you would like to continue [y/N]y
|
||
|
||
Enter password for [elastic]: # 输入用户elastic的密码
|
||
Re-enter password for [elastic]: # 输入用户elastic的密码
|
||
Password for the [elastic] user successfully reset.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 13.浏览器访问
|
||
|
||
https://es-1.xingdian.com:9200
|
||
|
||
https://es-2.xingdian.com:9200
|
||
|
||
https://es-3.xingdian.com:9200
|
||
|
||
账户密码为：elastic 密码自己设定的
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
#### 14.HEAD插件访问
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
15.模拟数据插入
|
||
|
||
模拟post请求插入数据
|
||
|
||
索引名为：xingdian/_doc xingdian为自定义 _doc为固定格式
|
||
|
||
内容：采用json格式 {"user":"xingdian","mesg":"hello world"}
|
||
|
||
 |