kubernetes-x/MD/基于kubeadm部署kubernetes集群.md

基于kubeadm部署kubernetes集群

著作：行癫 <盗版必究>

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一：环境准备

三台服务器，一台master，两台node,master节点必须是2核cpu

节点名称	IP地址
master	10.0.0.220
node-1	10.0.0.221
node-2	10.0.0.222
node-3	10.0.0.223

1.所有服务器关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff -a　　临时关闭
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab　永久关闭
注意：
	关闭所有服务器的交换分区
	所有节点操作

2.保证yum仓库可用

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache fast
注意：
	使用国内yum源
	所有节点操作

3.修改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node-1
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node-2
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node-3
注意：
	所有节点操作

4.添加本地解析

[root@master ~]# cat >> /etc/hosts <<eof
10.0.0.220 master
10.0.0.221 node-1
10.0.0.222 node-2
10.0.0.223 node-3
eof
注意：
	所有节点操作

5.安装容器

[root@master ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
[root@master ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@master ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
[root@master ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable docker
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker

[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to ‘curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz’ failed with error: Get “http://localhost:10248/healthz”: dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.
[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isn’t running or healthy.
注意：
	所有节点操作

6.安装kubeadm和kubelet

[root@master ~]# cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo <<eof
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
eof
[root@master ~]# yum -y install kubeadm  kubelet  kubectl ipvsadm
注意：
	所有节点操作
	这里安装的是最新版本（也可以指定版本号：kubeadm-1.19.4）

7.配置kubelet的cgroups

[root@master ~]#　cat >/etc/sysconfig/kubelet<<EOF
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=cgroupfs --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1"
EOF
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6

8.加载内核模块

[root@master ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
注意：
	所有节点操作

9.修改内核参数

[root@master ~]#　cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<eof
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness=0
eof
[root@master ~]# sysctl -p
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
注意：
	所有节点操作

二：部署Kubernetes

1.镜像下载

https://www.xingdiancloud.cn/index.php/s/6GyinxZwSRemHPz
注意：
	下载后上传到所有节点

2.镜像导入

[root@master ~]# cat image_load.sh
#!/bin/bash
image_path=`pwd`
for i in `ls "${image_path}" | grep tar`
do
        docker load  < $i
done
[root@master ~]# bash image_load.sh
注意：
	所有节点操作

3.master节点初始化

[root@master ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.23.1 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=10.0.0.220

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 10.0.0.220:6443 --token mzrm3c.u9mpt80rddmjvd3g \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:fec53dfeacc5187d3f0e3998d65bd3e303fa64acd5156192240728567659bf4a

4.安装pod插件

[root@master ~]# wget http://www.xingdiancloud.cn:92/index.php/s/3Ad7aTxqPPja24M/download/flannel.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f flannel.yaml

5.将node加入工作节点

[root@node-1 ~]# kubeadm join 10.0.0.220:6443 --token mzrm3c.u9mpt80rddmjvd3g --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:fec53dfeacc5187d3f0e3998d65bd3e303fa64acd5156192240728567659bf4a
注意：
这里使用的是master初始化产生的token
这里的token时间长了会改变，需要使用命令获取，见下期内容
没有记录集群 join 命令的可以通过以下方式重新获取:
kubeadm token create --print-join-command --ttl=0

6.master节点查看集群状态

[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
master   Ready    control-plane,master   26m     v1.23.1
node-1   Ready    <none>                 4m45s   v1.23.1
node-2   Ready    <none>                 4m40s   v1.23.1
node-3   Ready    <none>                 4m46s   v1.23.1